Continuing to browse our website indicates your consent to our use of cookies. For more information, see our Privacy policy.

Sustainable trade

The road to Brexit


Published 16 October 2020

The outcome of the UK's exit from the European Union (EU) single market and customs union has broad implications for the UK economy and its terms of trade with the rest of the world.

As Scott Miller wrote in one of our earliest articles, How Will Brexit Affect the UK’s Trade Relationships, the outcome of the UK’s exit from the European Union (EU) single market and customs union has broad implications for the UK economy and its terms of trade with the rest of the world.

On March 29, 2017, the UK’s notification of its intention to withdraw from the EU under Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty triggered a statutory two-year clock for completion. That deadline was ultimately extended until January 31, 2020, when a transitional period began.

We originally offered this timeline to summarize key events and milestones between 2015 and the first quarter of 2019, including the resignation of Prime Minister Theresa May and first term of Prime Minister Boris Johnson. It has since been expanded to reference the ongoing negotiations that continue in hopes of avoiding a “hard Brexit” on December 31, 2020, reverting to trade rules in the WTO.

For more narrative on how events have unfolded and why, we recommend the writing of Amanda Sloat at Brookings, who has followed the issue closely.

Download the infographic below updated as of October 16, 2020.

© The Hinrich Foundation. See our website Terms and conditions for our copyright and reprint policy. All statements of fact and the views, conclusions and recommendations expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the author(s).


Andrea Durkin has returned to public service and no longer serves as an active contributor.

Previously, she was Principal of the trade advisory firm Sparkplug, LLC and the creator of Consensus Learning®, an innovative digital tool for teaching negotiation skills deployed in graduate classrooms, think tank simulations and government training.

Articles by this expert

View bio

Have any feedback on this article?

contact us

BACK TO TOP